• We acknowledge some important limitations to the

  2021-10-16

  

  We acknowledge some important limitations to the study. Given that SEER is a national database of abstracted clinical information, there is selection bias as to which patients underwent RS testing. As clinicians are selecting which patients to test, the RS distributions may not reflect the true dist

• br Authors contribution br Funding sources This study

  2021-10-16

  

  Authors' contribution Funding sources This study was supported by CDC intramural funding. Publication costs are funded by an internal program of CDC. MAT was supported by funds from the Association of Public Health Laboratories and CDC (APHL–CDC) Bioinformatics Fellowship Program. Competing

• br S NO signalling during the plant

  2021-10-16

  

  (S)NO signalling during the plant immune response Redox signalling molecules must exhibit specificity for their target substrate. Moreover, a given redox-based modification must be reversible to ensure transient signalling. Oxidative cysteine (Cys) modifications are integral to a variety of redox

• br S Nitrosoglutathione reductase GSNOR also identified

  2021-10-16

  

  S-Nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) also identified as glutathione-dependent formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH), is a zinc-dependent dehydrogenase. It is a member of the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) family and is called class III alcohol dehydrogenase that regulates the levels of S-nitrosothiols (

• Importantly lactate and H exert some of their biological

  2021-10-16

  

  Importantly, lactate and H+ exert some of their biological effects independently of each other, though sometimes through redundant pathways leading to a same biological effect, as for angiogenesis. In other cases, they can have antagonist effects: lactate was shown to stimulate extracellular matrix

• With the administration of OM fatty

  2021-10-16

  

  With the administration of OM3 fatty acids, it has previously been shown that the activation of GPR120 is linked to the secretion and circulating levels of the adipokine adiponectin [123] promoting anti-inflammation (downregulation of NF-κB) and insulin sensitivity [124]. Interestingly, Nrf2 also de

• Ginger derived glycoproteins contain a

  2021-10-16

  

  Ginger-derived LY2157299 contain a variety of functional components, including specific phenolic compounds, purine compounds, and bioactive polysaccharides. Moreover, glycoproteins belong to the glycoconjugates, which combine some of the properties of polysaccharides and proteins. It has been repor

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Obesity is a growing pan

  2021-10-16

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Obesity is a growing pandemic, which becomes a global public health problem. The evidence has been readily available and mounting, demonstrating that obesity increases incidences of chronic comorbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, diabetes, cardi

• The structure and activity of GLUT has

  2021-10-16

  

  The structure and activity of GLUT1 has been most intensively studied in erythrocytes, in which this transporter makes up 10–20% of membrane protein content. Carruthers has shown that, while GLUT1 can exist and transport glucose as monomers, dimers and tetramers, in erythrocytes GLUT1 exists predomi

• Given the actions of GIP analogues administered as

  2021-10-16

  

  Given the actions of GIP analogues administered as a single dose to ob/ob mice, studies were performed to assess their ability to act in vivo as antagonists of GIP-induced insulinotropic and antihyperglycaemic actions. (Ala3)GIP, (Phe3)GIP, (Tyr3)GIP and (Pro3)GIP all counteracted the glucose-loweri

• ETV plays an important role in

  2021-10-16

  

  ETV5 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. For example, chromosomal rearrangement of ETV5 which results in increased ETV5 level is believed as a common event driving human prostate cancer (Helgeson et al., 2008; Huang and Waknitz, 2009). Ghrelin/acyl-ghrelin also plays an importan

• We have previously shown in the same time

  2021-10-16

  

  We have previously shown in the same time frame reported here (10 min) that AG was not degraded into DAG [29] and that the half-life of AG in human serum is ∼10 min [49]. However, we cannot rule out in this study that there is not breakdown to DAG that could contribute to the levels of 125I-ghrelin

• CaCl was from the Radiochemical Centre

  2021-10-15

  

  45CaCl2 was from the Radiochemical Centre (Amersham, UK), NaVO3 was from Reachim (Moscow, Russia). Tetrodotoxin was purchased from Calbiochem, DTNB from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany. Nifedipine was synthesized in the Institute of Drug Research, Modra, Slovakia and was kindly provided by Dr. Zdeno Mahrl

• Inhibitors of the G rdos effect include the

  2021-10-15

  

  Inhibitors of the Gárdos effect include the Ca2+-channel blocker nitrendipine with an IC50 of ∼103nM (Ellory et al., 1992, Ellory et al., 1992); its mode of action is likely to be from direct blockage of K+ flux through the Gárdos channel (Ellory et al., 1992, Ellory et al., 1992), and the peptidic

• In this review we will

  2021-10-15

  

  In this review we will highlight how the functional impact of GABA receptors activation in thalamic neurons far exceeds the traditional “shunting” effect and shapes the whole thalamic network excitability. We will show how GABA released during either tonic or burst firing of GABAergic thalamic neuro

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