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Although sex hormones activational effects are known
2023-02-07
Although sex hormones (activational effects) are known to directly interact with RAS (Baiardi et al., 2005, Miller et al., 1999, Silbiger and Neugarten, 1995), the potential contribution of organizational hormonal and SCC effects on physiological sex-based difference in the regulation of the RAS rem
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br Author contributions br Conflict of interest br Acknowled
2023-02-06
Author contributions Conflict of interest Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81502276), Major Projects of Science and Technology of Health and Family Planning Commission of Hunan Province (A2017013), the Natural Science Foundation o
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br Contemporary understanding for alcoholic cardiomyopathy U
2023-02-06
Contemporary understanding for alcoholic cardiomyopathy Up-to-date, a number of theories are postulated for alcoholic cardiomyopathy including generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative stress, neurohormonal overactivation (catecholamines and angiotensin II), apoptosis a
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br The complementary role of
2023-02-06
The complementary role of chaperone mediated autophagy Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) mediates the degradation of specific cellular proteins and participates in the regulation of lipid metabolism, DNA repair, or the response to stress (Kaushik and Cuervo, 2018). CMA provides an alternative pa
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In the mammalian brain synapse formation is followed
2023-02-06
In the mammalian brain, synapse formation is followed by a period of synapse refinement, and autophagy has been shown to play an important role in this process. For example, Tang and colleagues found that autophagy is required for the developmental pruning of dendritic spines, and that this pruning
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In bacteria H gler et al Kanao
2023-02-06
In bacteria (Hügler et al., 2007, Kanao et al., 2001), a glaucophyte alga (Ma et al., 2001), green algae/land plants (Fatland et al., 2002), and filamentous fungi (Nowrousian et al., 2000), ACL enzyme activity requires ACLA, and ACLB (referred to here as dual-subunit ACL, or dsACL) (Kanao et al., 20
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We further conducted stratified analyses to observe changes
2023-02-06
We further conducted stratified analyses to observe changes in enzyme levels across the periods by subgroups. Fig. 1 shows the changes in GPx levels by subgroups of age, sex, and smoking status. In all participants, GPx levels decreased when air pollution levels declined but increased after the Olym
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A strain previously reported as demonstrating
2023-02-06
A strain previously reported as demonstrating strong antifungal activity and suitability for food applications is Lactobacillus reuteri R29 (Axel et al., 2016, Oliveira et al., 2015). Oliveira et al. (2015) demonstrated that the cell-free supernatant (cfs) of medium fermented for 48 h with this stra
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palbociclib sale Introduction AMP activated protein kinase A
2023-02-06
Introduction AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is mainly known as a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed energy sensor that is highly sensitive to changes in cellular energy levels (by sensing increases in AMP:ATP and ADP:ATP ratios) and makes appropriate adjustment to balance the consumpt
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Differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is a tightly orchestra
2023-02-06
Differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is a tightly orchestrated process that involves myoblast proliferation, Methoxy-X04 receptor withdrawal, expression of muscle-specific genes, and fusion into multinucleated myofibers (Horsley and Pavlath, 2004; Krauss, 2010). The maintenance of muscle mass is i
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Activation of AhR is also known
2023-02-06
Activation of AhR is also known to upregulate the expression of AhRR (AhR repressor), an inhibitor protein of AhR [29]. However, the exact mechanism by which AhRR represses AhR signaling is not well understood. The initial study by Mimura and colleagues suggested that AhRR is capable of directly com
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Another interesting interaction concerns NMDA preconditionin
2023-02-06
Another interesting interaction concerns NMDA preconditioning to protect against glutamate neurotoxicity. It has been shown that an A1R antagonist prevented neuroprotection evoked by NMDA preconditioning against glutamate-induced cellular damage in cerebellar granule cells. In this study, the functi
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br Perspectives Given the complexity of
2023-02-03
Perspectives Given the complexity of the cellular interactome and of protein scaffolding, further progress in revealing how individual membrane proteins, including APP and AChE, interact with each other at various levels, from cell-surface shedding to gene regulation, will clarify some intrinsic
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br Conclusions In the current study we
2023-02-01
Conclusions In the current study, we found that the exposure of maduramicin to chicken myocardial Caspase-1, mouse recombinant protein results in cellular damage and even death via the induction of apoptosis. Maduramicin upregulated the expression of apoptotic genes and activated caspase cascad
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The elevated levels of intracellular
2023-02-01
The elevated levels of intracellular antioxidant such as reduced glutathione (GSH) are normally oberserved is various tumor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Antagonist (1-850) mg which confers the chemoresistant to chemotherapy [59]. Therefore, the induction of oxidative stress via elevation of intracellula
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